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xie cao 纈草, valerian

 

by: Joe Hing kwok Chu

 

See picture here.

Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名﹕

Rhizome Valerianae, Radix Valerianae

Latin  name:

拉丁學名﹕

Valeriana officinalis Linn.

Valeriana amurensis P. Smirn (黑 水纈草)

Pron. in Japanese:

日語發音﹕

kekusa

Korean name:

韓名﹕

seol-ryeong-jwi-o-jum-pul

Pron. in Cantonese:

粵音﹕

kit3 cou2

Other Names:

別名 ﹕

ba di ma 拔地麻,xiao jiu jia  in Shaanxi) 小救駕 [陜西],lu zi cao 鹿子草,chou cao 臭草

Common Name:

英文名﹕

valerian, all-heal, garden heliotrope

Distribution:

產地﹕

Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Sichuan, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Taiwan, Hubei provinces of China, also in western Asia and Europe.

分佈陝西,甘肅,青海,新疆,四川,河北,河南,山 東,山西,台灣,湖北等地。亞洲西部和歐洲也有。

Properties

 characteristics)﹕

性味﹕

acrid, sweet, warm

辛,甘,溫。

Channels  meridians) entered:

 

歸經﹕

heart, pericardium, spleen.

心,心包, 脾。

Medical functions:

藥理﹕

 

Medical functions:

1. Effect on CNS: xie cao  (valerian) possesses a sedative effect and is frequently used as a sedative. It can enhance the inhibition of the cortex of the brain, lower the excitement re-action, and eliminate smooth muscle spasm. It is also being used to prevent cardio-vascular diseases and in hyperthyroidism. Mixed with bromine agent, it counter-acts drug-induced excitement.

2. Effect on respiration and circulation: Certain active ingredient in xie cao (valerian) can lower the blood pressure of certain animals like cats, rabbits and mice. That is because xie cao can mimic the para-sympathetic nervous system, block the reflect of carotid sinus and inhibit the CNS.

3. Effect of antibiotics: The total alkaloid from xie cao  (valerian) possesses an antibiotic effect, especially toward Gram positive bacteria.

4. Effect of GABA: Animal tests showed that xie cao  (valerian) can promote the release of γ-aminobutyric acid  (GABA) and create the effect of sedation and can help the γ-aminobutyric acid in the cortex of the brain to promote sleep.

 

藥理﹕

 (一) 對神經系統的作用   缬草有鎮靜作用,能加強大腦皮質的抑制作用,減低反射興奮性,解除平滑肌痙攣,可與溴劑並用於各種藥物興奮狀態,可防治心血管神經 官能症,甲狀腺機能亢進症等。

 (二) 對循環呼吸的作用   缬草中的某些成分對動物 貓,兔 ,小鼠等)有降低血壓作用,此作用與其擬副交感神經,阻斷頸動脈竇反射及抑制中樞系統有關。

 (三) 抗菌作用   從缬草裡提出的總生物鹹有抗菌作用,特別是對革蘭氏陽性的細菌效力較好。

(四)動物實驗證明缬 草能促進大腦皮質釋放γ-氨基丁酸 (GABA), 發揮鎮靜 作用,並且確能促進大腦皮質裡的γ-氨 基 丁酸GABA)發 揮催眠效果。

Actions & Indications:

主治﹕

The rhizoma and roots are  being used as medicine. It is being used in sedating, pain relieving, neurasthenia, insomnia, epilepsy, flatulence and pain in the abdomen, pain in loin and legs, injuries from impact. Europeans have been using it for treating anxiety.

根茎及根入药。

安神,理氣,止痛。用于神經衰弱,失眠,癲癇,胃腹脹痛,腰腿痛,跌打損傷。歐洲人常用纈草來治療焦慮症。

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份﹕

Valerianic acid

缬草酸  (戊 酸)

Valerine

缬草鹹

Valeranone

缬草酮

Valerenone

缬草萜烯醇

Valerianine

缬草寧鹹

Valepotriae

缬草三酯

Valerosidatum

缬草環臭蟻醛酯弋

Bornol

龍腦

Camphene

茨烯

Fenehere

葑烯

Pinen

菠烯

Eremophilene

雅檻藍樹油烯

terpineol

松油醇

Mireene

日桂烯

Limonene

檸檬烯

phellandrene

水芹烯

Caryophyllene

石竹烯

Alloaromadendrene

別香燈烯

Dosage:

用量﹕

3 to 6 g (dried herb). For manufactured herb, follow instructions of manufacturers.

3~6 克。(亁藥)成藥:按照生產藥廠之說明書服用。

Samples of formulae:

處方舉例﹕


xie cao rice wine extract (source: Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai Chinese Herb Selection)

Composition: xie cao 30 g, rice wine 150 g

Soak for 48 hours. Make into 7 day servings.

Application: neurasthenia, insomnia, palpitation.

缬草酒《陝甘寧青中草藥選》
 【配方】缬草1两,白酒5两。
 【制法】浸泡48小時後服用。
 【主治】神經衰弱,失眠,心悸。分作7天服用。

Modern Research:

現代研究﹕

See Medical Function

看藥理條

Toxicity & Cautions:

毒素與禁忌﹕

can cause mild side effects, such as headaches, dizziness, upset stomach, and tiredness in the morning after its use.

Qualities of manufactured herb are not uniform.【1】

可能引起頭 痛,肚痛,用藥後隔天早上可能疲倦。成藥之質量參差不齊。

 

來源:《全國 中草藥匯編》

http://p-king.elive-mall.com/e-live/front/bin/cglist.phtml?Category=103254

【1】http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/patient-valerian.html

 

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Last update: Oct 7, 2010,  1:01 p.m. LAH     xie_cao.htm  valerian.htm