Radix Stephania tetrandra (han fang ji 漢防己, 石蟾蜍, 粉防己)

Radix aristolochiae fangchi (guang fang ji 廣防己)

Radix cocculus trilobus (mu fang ji 木防己)

 Stephania tetrandra S. Moore,  (han fang ji, fen fang ji)

 Aristolochia fangchi, Wu; (guang fang ji, guang dong mu fang ji)

Aristolochia westlandi, Hemsl.

Cocculus trilobus DC. (mu fang ji)

boi

bang gi

fong ke

stephania

Han fang ji (fen fang ji) is distributed in Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei provinces.

Guangdong mu fang ji (guang fang ji) is distributed in Guang Dong and Guang Xi provinces.

Bitter in taste, acrid and very cold. 

Related to  channels: bladder, spleen and kidney

Usage: Japanese han fang ji is being used pain reliever: inflammation of nerves, stiffness of the shoulders, gouts and back pain. Chinese han fang ji is being used in Bell's palsy, asthma, edema (as an diuretics).

Mu fang ji is being used as diuretics for edema and for gonorrhea. 

Lab animals receiving sinomenin injections showed increase reflex functions, spasms and paralyzed and death.

Chinese han fang ji showed that it can regulate body temperature. Mu fang ji showed the properties of diuretics and relieve pain of nerve inflammation.

(1) . Han fang ji: chemicals consist of tetrandin C₃₈H₄₂N₂O₆ and fangchinoline C₃₇H₄₆N₂O₆.

Han fang ji also is produced in Japan. Its chemicals consist of sinomenin C₁₉H₂₂NO₄;

(2) Mu fang ji (木防己) is distributed in Guang Dong and Guang Xi provinces.

Its chemicals consist of mufangchinoline C₁₄H₂₁N₁₄O_11, thunbergin C₂₀H₁₄O₉,  trilobine (木防己鹼 ), isotrilobine (異木防己鹼), magnoflorine ( 木蘭花鹼 ), trilobamine (木防已胺 ), normenisarine (去甲毛木防己鹼  ), menisarine (毛木防已鹼 ), epistephanine (表千金藤鹼), coclobine (木防己賓鹼), cocculolidine (葉含衡州烏藥裡定鹼 ).

5-10 grams boiled with water.

Ba Zheng San

Chun Yang Zheng Ji Wan

Da Huang Qing Wei Wan

dang gui si ni tang 當歸四逆湯

Dao Chi Wan

Die da Wan

Fu Ke Fen Qing Wan

Guan Xin Su He Wan

Ji Sheng Ju He Wan

Kat Kit Wan

Long Dan Xie Gan Wan

Quell Fire Shi Xiang Fan

Shen Wan Xin Yi Wan

using hanfangchin A for injection should not over 300mg to avoid toxicity. 

Guang fang ji is produced in Guangdong.  It is also called Guangdong mu fang ji. It belongs to the aristolochiae family, and is toxic for the kidneys. 30 g is the toxic dosage.

Guangdong mu fang ji (Aristolochia fangchi ) is not the regular mu fang ji( Cocculus trilobus). The whole plant is toxic. Animals or people, eating the the flowers or leaves show symptoms of headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, difficulty in breathing, numbness in limbs, etc.

廣防己全株有毒。

人畜誤食新鮮的莖葉或花，會造成頭痛、頭暈、噁心、嘔吐、腹痛、呼吸困難、四肢麻木等症狀。
 

Historically those produced in Han Zhong are called han zhong fang ji and they are mainly belonged to the aristolochiae family. Today, when the herb fang ji goes through the area of Han Kou. So it is called Han fang ji; so it is not one variety.

Usually in prescribing if it is written as "fang ji" it is deemed to be fen fang ji unless it is written as "mu fang ji."

處方中如不指明“木防己”而僅寫“防己”，通常認定為“粉防己”。