hai er cha  孩兒茶

Edited by: Joe Hing kwok Chu

Pharmaceutical name: 英文藥名﹕	Pasta acaciae seu Uncariae
Botanical name: 學名﹕	Uncaria gambier (Hunter) Roxb. Acacia catechu (L. f.) Willd.
Pron. in Japanese: 日語發音﹕	asenyaku
Pron. in Korean: 韓語發音﹕	acha
Pron. in Cantonese: 粵音﹕	hoi4 ji4 caa4
Other Names: 別名﹕	er cha 梵語 Khadira 或 Khaira。孩兒茶殆由 Khaira而得音。因其汁呈綠茶色，故有茶之名。泰米爾語Vodalay，汪大淵之“烏爹土”，《本蘋綱目》之“烏爹泥”與“烏壘泥”皆其對音。泰語名 Sisiat 。汪大淵(元朝）所記“胥失之”為其譯音。[1]
Common Name: 英文名﹕	paste made from dried concentrated decoction of black cutch (Acacia) or brown cutch (white cutch) (Uncaria); catechu, gambier
Distribution: 產地﹕	Uncaria gambier  (Hunter) Roxb.is produced in Burma, India, Indonesia, Malaysia etc. Acacia catechu (L. f.) Willd.is produced in Yunnan province of China. 方兒茶Uncaria gambier ﹐ 又稱棕兒茶 。主產於緬甸，印度，印尼 ﹐ 馬來亞 等地。 黑兒茶 Acacia catechu (L.) Willd.。主產于雲南西双版纳傣族自治州。
Properties (characteristics) 性味﹕	sweet, bitter, slightly cold, non-toxic 味苦，微澀，性涼。
Channels (meridians) entered:   歸經﹕	lung 肺
Medical functions: 藥理﹕
Actions & Indications: 主治﹕	For treating mouth sores, nose bleeding, vomiting blood, blood in urine, infectious type of diarrhea with blood, bleeding in the vagina not during period, non-healing sores, arresting bleeding form injuries.  治口瘡喉痹煩熱, 止消渴吐血衄血, 便血尿血, 濕熱痢血, 及婦人崩淋, 經血不止, 小兒疳熱, 口疳, 熱瘡, 濕爛諸瘡, 斂肌長肉, 亦殺諸蟲。(景岳全書) 亦用于金瘡流血﹐ 肺熱咳嗽。
Chemical ingredients: 化學成份﹕	catechin about 30～35％ 兒茶素 約30～35％ japonic acid about 24% 兒茶鞣酸約24％ quercetin 槲皮素   fluorescein 兒茶熒光素 gambirine, C22H26O4N2 棕兒茶鹼, C22H26O4N2 roxburghine, A ,  C31H32O2N4 羅克斯伯氏鹼A,  C31H32O2N4 roxburghine, B, C31H32O2N4 羅克斯伯氏鹼B, C31H32O2N4 roxburghine, C, C31H32O2N4 羅克斯伯氏鹼 C, C31H32O2N4 roxburghine, D, C31H32O2N4 羅克斯伯氏鹼 D, C31H32O2N4 roxburghine, E, C31H32O2N4 羅克斯伯氏鹼 E, C31H32O2N4 　　【摘录】《中國药典》
Dosage: 用量﹕	0.1 to 0.9 in pills or powder form. External application: grind and use as pasted. 0.1 ~ 0.9 克﹐ 入丸或粉劑。 外用﹕ 研末作膏。
Samples of formulae: 處方舉例﹕	For ridding of phlegm: hai er cha, bo he leaves, fine tea leaves. Grind into powder. Mix with cooked honey. Make into pills. Suck a few pills after meals. For cough treatment: hai er cha 60 g. xi xin 12 g, one pig's gall bladder. Grind the first 2 herbs into powder. Heat up the bile juice. Mix the 3 ingredients and make into pills of 3 g each. Use one pill a each time, suck in the mouth,  4 times a day, during empty stomach. 消痰：兒茶、薄荷葉、細茶。為末蜜丸，飯後含化三、五粒。(《本草述》) 治咳嗽：兒茶二兩，細 辛四錢，豬膽一個。前二味藥共研末，取膽汁煉熱，三味藥共為丸，每丸重一錢。每日四次，每次一丸，空腹含化。(內蒙古《中草藥新醫療法資料選編》) 止血：煅龍骨、象皮，陳石灰、老鬆香、降香末、血竭、兒茶、白及末等分。共為細末，研至無聲，撒於瘡口。(《實用正骨學》) ④治牙疳口瘡：孩兒茶、硼砂等分。為末搽。(《綱目》) 治走馬牙疳：孩兒茶、雄黃、貝母等分。為末，米泔漱淨搽之。(《積德堂經驗方》) 治急性扁桃體炎：兒茶、柿霜各三錢，冰片二分，枯礬二錢。共研細粉，用甘油調成糊狀，涂抹患處。(《全展選編·耳鼻咽喉疾病》) ⑦治鼻淵流水：孩兒茶末吹之。(《本草權度》) 治下疳陰瘡：孩兒茶一錢，真珠一分，片腦半分。為末敷。(《纂要奇方》) 治痔瘡腫痛：孩兒茶、麝香為末。唾津調敷。(《孫天仁集效方》) 治一切癰疽、諸瘡破爛不斂者：兒茶、乳香、沒藥各三錢，冰片一錢，麝香二分，血竭三錢，旱三七三錢。上為末撒之。(《醫宗金鑒》腐盡生肌散) 治龜頭爛：孩兒茶合冰片涂之。(《本草撮要》)
Modern Research: 現代研究﹕
Toxicity & Cautions: 毒素與禁忌﹕